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• 1 Foundations of Culturele Psychology

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• What is Interculture Psychology?

  The study of relationship between culture context and human behaviour. 

• explain what external and internal culture is

  external culture is more part of the context of a group of people and internal culture is more part of the person, like language, religion or knowledge 

• Explain what the evolutionairy theorie perspective says about culture

  - Evolutionary psychology aims to investigate and explain the conditions 

  we faced as a species during our evolutionary history. How did our brains 

  and bodies adapt to solve the recurrent problems we faced in our 

  evolutionary past?

  an universalist perspective - what are the similarities that exist across cultures? How do these contrast with the diferences that get layered on top

• what means comparative psychology?

  - A comparative approach to cultural psychology recognises and examines 

  the diferences in how people think and behave in diferent cultural 

  contexts. BUT AT THE SAME TIME acknowledges that these diferences are 

  culturally shaped reflections of common psychological functions and 

  processes.

• explain what individualistic and collectivistic cultures are

  -the individualistic cultures sees him self as a distinct, independent, self-     motivated and personal goal oriented culture.

  
  

  - the collectivistic culture see the self as an overlapping with a person’s network of family, friends, and colleagues

• explain what indigious culture is

  So their goal is to understand indigenous culture as a thing in itself 

  rather than as a manifestation of human universals.

  - The emphasis of this approach is on application.

• explain what the differences are with Universism Vs. Relativism

  -Universism tells Psychological phenomena are not so different between cultures. Same fundamental processes, though the events may differ

  
  

  -Cultural differences produce fundamentally different psyches.

  It influence our perception, cognition, behavior, and social worlds in distinctly diferent ways

• 2 Dimensions of Culture

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• Hofstede described four dimensions which differ in different country's 

  -Individualsim:- Describes or a country has loose or tight social relationships

  
  

  -Masculinity: -Describes whether a countries dominant values are assertive 

  versus nurturing

  
  

  -Power distance: -The extent to which less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally.

  
  

  -Uncentainty avoidence: -Describes a cultures tolerance for ambiguity and 

  acceptance of risk.

  
  

  -long term versus short term orientation:

  
  

  -more importance to the future including persistence, saving and a capacity for adaptation VS. alues promoted are related to the past and the present, including steadiness, respect for tradition, preservation on one’s reputation, reciprocity. 

• What did the japanese experiment  “shin jin rui”, which literally means “new human beings” explained to us?

  This shift demonstrates the dangers of fixing on stereotypes and of seeing 

  cultures as fixed, static, and unchanging.

• explain the difference between masculinity and femininity 

  Masculine cultures are those that strive for a larger distinction between what 

  women and men are expected to do. 

  - Masculine cultures value masculine traits such as assertiveness, competition, 

  and material success. 

  
  

  
  

  - Feminine cultures value and permit more overlap in social roles for the sexes. 

  - Feminine cultures also place high value on quality of life, interpersonal 

  relationships, and concern for the weak.