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• 1 Healty aging I

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• what is the life course trajectory of bodily functions?

  - normal development and decline
  - exposure in early life may leave imprints on structures or functions of body systems
  - exposure acting in mid or in later life accelerating age-related decline

• What are the definitions of age?

  • chronoligical age: measured in units of time
  • biological age: where people stand relative to the years they will live
  • functional age: persons competence in carrying out specific tasks in comparison with pears
  • psychological age: refers to how well a person adapts to changing conditions
  • social age: views held by most members of a society about what the individuals in a particular age group should do and behave

• What are the ages in the chronological age?

  • young-olds: 65-74
  • old-old: 75-84
  • oldest-old 85+

• What are the theoretical models of aging?

  • the selective optimization with compensation model of aging
  • the ecological model of aging

• what is the selective optimization with compensation model of aging?

  individuals engage in adaptions, and rely on reserve capacity that they do not use under normal circumstances
  
  

  • Selection
    a strategy of concentrating efforts on domains in which effective functioning is most likely to remain high
  • optimization
    a strategy of focusing on the behaviours that maximize quantity and quality of life
  • compensation
    refers to substituting new strategies when losses occur  
    

• What is the ecological model of aging?

  • the interaction between a persons competence and environment results in some level of adaptation (measured in persons well-being)
  • competence
    physical, sensory, cognitive and social capabilities
  • A person with high competence will adapt positively to a wider range of environmental press than a person with low competence

• What are the theories of biology of aging?

  • primary aging
  • secondary aging

• What is primary aging? (programmed theories)

  • unevitable biological process 
  • is set in motion early in life
  • is intrinsic

• what is secondary aging? (stochastic theories)

  • experienced by most but not necessary by all
  • resulting from hostile environmental influences

• what are the programmed theories?

  • time clock theory
  • immune theory
  • evolutionary theory